Scientific notes of P. F. Lesgaft University Scientific notes of P. F. Lesgaft University Ученые записки университета имени П.Ф. Лесгафта 1994-4683 2308-1961 113384 AXPPZX Теория и методика спорта Theory and methodology of sports Теория и методика спорта The biomechanical characteristics of backstroke technique in highly skilled swimmers Биомеханические характеристики техники поворота на спине у высококвалифицированных пловцов https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-7976 Крылов Андрей Иванович Krylov Andrey Ivanovich andkrilov@mail.ru

доктор педагогических наук;

doctor of pedagogical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1706-3163 Виноградов Евгений Олегович Vinogradov Evgeniy Olegovich Vinmanagement@yandex.ru

кандидат педагогических наук;

candidate of pedagogical sciences;

 Национальный государственный Университет физической культуры, спорта и здоровья им. П.Ф. Лесгафта RU National State University of Physical Education, Sports and Health named after P.F. Lesgaft RU Национальный государственный университет физической культуры, спорта и здоровья им. П.Ф. Лесгафта St Petersburg Россия Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health St Petersburg Russian Federation 30 12 2024 30 12 2024 12 170 175 14 11 2024 28 11 2024 https://uchzapiski.lesgaft.spb.ru/en/nauka/article/113384/view

Всегда считалось, что поворотный сегмент вносит большой вклад в результаты спринтерского плавания. Однако по результатам последних исследований установлено, что по мере увеличения дистанции от 50 м до 1500 м время выполнения поворота становится еще более значимым. В статье представлено исследование по изучению характеристик техники выполнения поворотов при плавании на спине, что позволит установить степень их влияния на эффективность этого соревновательного компонента и в целом на спортивный результат. Авторами на основе данных научных исследований специалистов в области спортивного плавания определены основные показатели и характеристики двигательных действий пловцов во время выполнения поворота и выхода; смоделирована биомеханическая структура выполнения поворота в каждой фазе с последующей его количественной оценкой.

It has always been considered that the turn segment contributes significantly to the results in sprint swimming. However, according to the results of recent research, it has been established that as the distance increases from 50m to 1500m, the execution time of the turn becomes even more significant. The article presents a study on the characteristics of backstroke turn technique, which will allow determining their impact on the overall effectiveness of this competitive component and overall athletic performance. Based on scientific research data from experts in the field of competitive swimming, the main indicators and characteristics of swimmers' motor actions during the turn and exit have been identified; the biomechanical structure of turn execution in each phase has been modeled, followed by its quantitative assessment.

 плавание на спине поворот на спине биомеханика плавания backstroke swimming backstroke turn swimming biomechanics

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