Scientific notes of P. F. Lesgaft University Scientific notes of P. F. Lesgaft University Ученые записки университета имени П.Ф. Лесгафта 1994-4683 2308-1961 120290 10.5930/1994-4683-2026-5-77-84 Теория и методика спорта Theory and methodology of sports Теория и методика спорта Functional, biological and biomechanical maturity as safety criteria for children’s admission to sport training: a systematic analysis and practical recommendations Функциональная, биологическая и биомеханическая зрелость как критерии безопасного допуска детей к занятиям спортом: систематический анализ и практические рекомендации https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-471X Новикова Ирина Игоревна Novikova Irina Igorevna novikova_ii@niig.su

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7110-7871 Савченко Олег Андреевич Savchenko Oleg Andreevich Savchenkooa1969@mail.ru

кандидат биологических наук;

candidate of sciences in biology;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9082-9848 Куликова Оксана Михайловна Kulikova Oksana Mikhailovna ya.aaaaa11@yandex.ru

кандидат технических наук;

candidate of technical sciences;

 Забаровский Сергей Анатольевич Zabarovsky Sergey Anatolyevich zabar-sergej@yandex.ru ФБУН Новосибирский НИИ гигиены Роспотребнадзора Новосибирск Россия FBIS Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene Rospotrebnadzor Novosibirsk Russian Federation Новосибирский научно-исследовательский институт гигиены Роспотребнадзора Россия Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene of Rospotrebnadzor Russian Federation Новосибирский научно-исследовательский институт гигиены Роспотребнадзора Россия Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene of Rospotrebnadzor Russian Federation Военная академия материально-технического обеспечения имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулева, филиал в г. Омске Россия Military Academy of Logistics named after General of the Army A.V. Khrulev, branch in Omsk Russian Federation 26 05 2026 26 05 2026 5 77 84 08 04 2026 26 04 2026 https://uchzapiski.lesgaft.spb.ru/en/nauka/article/120290/view

Цель исследования – на основании систематического обзора рецензируемых публикаций 2020-2025 годов разработать дифференцированную по видам спорта систему правил допуска детей к организованным занятиям спортом, учитывающую биологическую, функциональную и биомеханическую зрелость. Методы и организация исследования. Проведён систематический обзор рецензируемых публикаций из баз данных PubMed, Scopus и ScienceDirect. Для формализации предметной области использовано онтологическое моделирование, для извлечения знаний – методы обработки естественного языка. Результаты исследования и выводы. В ходе систематического анализа рецензируемых публикаций определены количественные пороги риска травматизма у юных спортсменов. Сформулированы 14 правил допуска к тренировочным нагрузкам, дифференцированных по пяти группам видов спорта (командные контактные, индивидуальные технические, единоборства, силовые виды, виды на выносливость). Разработана трёхступенчатая модель внедрения мониторинга зрелости в тренировочный процесс (базовая, продвинутая, полная). Интеграция оценок трёх доменов зрелости (биологического, функционального, биомеханического) обеспечивает индивидуализированный подход к допуску детей, снижает риск травматизма в периоды интенсивного роста и корректирует системное смещение отбора в пользу раннесозревающих спортсменов.

The purpose of the study is, based on a systematic review of peer-reviewed publications from 2020 to 2025, to develop a sport-specific system of rules for allowing children to participate in organized sports activities, taking into account biological, functional, and biomechanical maturity. Research methods and organization. A systematic review of peer-reviewed publications from the PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases was conducted. Ontological modeling was used to formalize the subject area, and natural language processing methods were employed for knowledge extraction. Research results and conclusions. Through a systematic analysis of peer-reviewed publications, quantitative thresholds for injury risk in young athletes have been identified. Fourteen rules for access to training loads have been formulated, differentiated across five groups of sports (team contact, individual technical, martial arts, strength sports, endurance sports). A three-stage model for implementing maturity monitoring in the training process (basic, advanced, full) has been developed. The integration of assessments across three domains of maturity (biological, functional, biomechanical) ensures an individualized approach to granting access for children, reduces the risk of injury during periods of intense growth, and corrects the systemic selection bias in favor of early-maturing athletes.

 детско-юношеский спорт биологическая зрелость пик скорости роста био-бэндинг безопасность детского спорта спортивный отбор профилактика травматизма youth sports biological maturity peak growth velocity bio-banding safety of children's sports sports selection injury prevention

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