Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health
from 01.01.2018 to 01.01.2022
Saint-Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
The purpose of the study is to determine the range of reference values for the 'Hooper Index', which will be considered normal for predicting the functional status of 14-15-year-old football players. Research methods and organization. The study involved athletes representing a top-level football academy according to the classification of the Russian Football Union. Player testing was conducted using a special questionnaire developed based on the recommendations of Hooper and McKinnon, during the morning time period (7:00–9:00). The assessment of the functional state of the football players’ aerobic capacity was carried out using a submaximal interval running test and heart rate monitoring. Research results and conclusions. The upper limit of the reference interval has been standardized at the general preparatory, specialized preparatory, and competitive stages. The calculated regression model predicted a significant influence of the subjective predictor on the recovery of heart rate by the end of the first minute during a repeat test load in 71% of football players.
football, athletic reserve, functional state, aerobic capacity, heart rate, hooper index, sports forecasting
1. Shamardin A. A., Solopov I. N. (2013), “Functional Aspects of Athletes' Training”, Fundamental Research, No 10, pp. 2996–3000.
2. Castagna C., Impellizzeri F. M., Chaouachi A., Bordon C., Manzi V. (2011), “Effect of training intensity distribution on aerobic fitness variables in elite soccer players: a case study”, The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, V. 25 (1), pp. 66–71, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181fef3d3.
3. Hoff J., Wisløff U., Engen L., Kemi O., Helgerud J. (2002), “Soccer specific aerobic endurance training”, British journal of sports medicine, V. 36 (3), pp. 218–221, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.36.3.218.
4. Nobari H. [et al.] (2020), “Description of acute and chronic load, training monotony and strain over a season and its relationships with well-being status: A study in elite under-16 soccer players”, Physiology Behavior, V. 225, pp. 113–117, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113117.
5. Sabirov R. D. (2025), “Psychological Preparation of Football Players at the Stage of Improving Sports Mastery in the Competitive Period”, Young Scientist, V. 42 (593), pp. 339–342.
6. Saidi K. [et al.] (2022), “Biochemical Markers and Wellness Status During a Congested Match Play Period in Elite Soccer Players”, International journal of sports physiology and performance, V. 17 (4), pp. 605–620, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0914.
7. Silva R. M. [et al.] (2022), “Relationships between internal training intensity and well-being changes in youth football players”, Healthcare, V. 10 (10), p. 1814, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101814.
8. Rabbani A. [et al.] (2019), “Match Fatigue Time-Course Assessment Over Four Days: Usefulness of the Hooper Index and Heart Rate Variability in Professional Soccer Players”, Frontiers in Physiology, V. 10, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3389/FPHYS.2019.00109.
9. Fernandes R. [et al.] (2022), “In-Season Microcycle Quantification of Professional Women Soccer Players – External, Internal and Wellness Measures”, Healthcare, V. 10, No 4, p. 695, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040695.
10. Hooper S. L. [et al.] (1995), “Monitoring of overtraining in athletes”, Sports medicine, No 20, pp. 321–327, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199520050-00003.
11. Kalinin E. M., Kuzmichev V. A. (2024), “Method for Determining the Lactate Anaerobic Threshold during the Shuttle Run Test”, Human Physiology, V. 50, No 5, pp. 506–514, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.31857/S0131164624050083.
12. “JASP”, URL: https://jasp-stats.org.
13. Verkhoshansky Yu. V. (2005), “Theory and Methodology of Sports Training: A Block System of Training High-Class Athletes”, Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, No 4, pp. 2–14.
14. Impellizzeri F. M., Rampinini E., Marcora S. M. (2005), “Physiological assessment of aerobic training in soccer”, Journal of sports sciences, V. 23, No 6, pp. 583–592, DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1080/02640410400021278.
