15.31
The relevance of the topic is determined by the changing mentality of modern society, which presents a number of pressing issues to education and demands the development of the intellectual abilities of students in general educational institutions. The purpose of the study – to analyze and justify the formation of intellectual qualities, to study the dependence of the development of intellectual abilities of primary school students on the combination of psychological and pedagogical factors that create a favorable environment for the intensive growth of cognitive functions. Research methods and organization. Methods of theoretical analysis of scientific literature, generalization, and systematization of theoretical aspects of the development of intellectual abilities of primary school students were employed. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that during the theoretical study of the problem, the issue of accumulating scientific approaches into a unified system of the problem of intelligence and intellectual abilities of primary school students was addressed, the significance of "cultural tools" of ethnopedagogy and ethnopsychology in the development of the child's intellectual sphere was substantiated, and the criteria for three levels of intelligence were characterized. Research results and conclusions. During the research, the intelligence and intellectual abilities of primary school students were studied. The psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of the child's intellectual sphere were identified: the formation of intellectual operations (analysis, synthesis, classification, comparison, serialization), the development of important intellectual qualities (critical thinking, the ability to analyze information, the ability to approach problem-solving creatively), the creation of a psychologically comfortable and stimulating educational environment, and the transmission and preservation of national cultural and historical "tools".
abilities, intelligence, intellectual abilities, thinking, memory, speech, perception, primary school age
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